Indian Munitions Exports to Israel Draw Amnesty Warnings of Potential Complicity
A recent Amnesty International report alleges that Indian defense manufacturers provided essential components and shells used in Gaza. The findings suggest New Delhi risks violating international law by failing to regulate high-volume arms shipments since October 2023.
Key takeaways
- Over 788 shipments with confirmed military purposes were exported from India to Israel between October 2023 and November 2025.
- Major private firms including Adani Group and Bharat Forge are linked to the supply of warheads, shells, and machine gun components.
- State-owned Indian entities provided high-explosive artillery and mortar launchers to Israeli defense contractors like Elbit Systems.
- Amnesty International has called for a comprehensive arms embargo to prevent Indian involvement in alleged crimes under international law.
Supply Chain Evidence and Trade Data
Between October 7, 2023, and November 30, 2025, trade records reveal that India facilitated over 2,500 shipments of military-grade hardware and components to Israel. Within this dataset, investigators identified at least 788 shipments specifically designated for military use. These exports encompass a wide range of lethal equipment, including machine gun parts, explosive warheads, and artillery shells. The timing and volume of these transfers align with periods of intense conflict, prompting concerns from Amnesty International regarding India's role in supplying materials that may contribute to war crimes or genocide.
Public and Private Sector Involvement
The manufacturing pipeline involves a mix of state-owned enterprises and private conglomerates. Key private entities identified in the trade flows include:
- PLR Systems: A joint venture involving the Adani Group and Israel Weapon Industries.
- Kalyani Strategic Systems: An arm of the Bharat Forge Group.
- Indo-MIM and Ashoka Manufacturing: Providers of specialized components and small arms.
Government-owned entities also maintained active supply lines. Munitions India, India Optel, and Advanced Weapons and Equipment India shipped high-explosive shells, mortar launchers, and advanced sensor components to Israeli defense giants Elbit Systems and Semiconductor Devices. This deep integration indicates a strategic partnership that extends beyond simple commercial trade into the direct maintenance of Israel's military capabilities.
International Law and Accountability
The findings follow a conclusion by a UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry, led by Justice S. Muralidhar, which characterized Israel's actions in Gaza as genocide. Amnesty International argues that India's failure to restrict these exports places the nation at risk of complicity in apartheid and crimes against humanity. To mitigate these legal risks, the report demands an immediate and total arms embargo. This would require New Delhi to cease all business ties with the Israeli defense industry and stop the direct or indirect transfer of munitions to ensure Indian-made technology is not used in violations of international humanitarian law.
Source: The Hindu — World
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